Comencemos con cómo no aprendes a pensar. Hace un par de meses salió un estudio de un equipo de investigadore/as de Stanford. L@s investigadore/as querían averiguar cómo l@s estudiantes universitari@s de hoy en día podían realizar múltiples tareas simultáneamente de manera mucho más eficaz que los adultos. ¿Cómo logran hacerlo, preguntaron los investigadores? La respuesta, descubrieron, y esto de ninguna manera es lo que esperaban, es que no es así. Las capacidades cognitivas mejoradas que l@s investigadore/as esperaban encontrar, las facultades mentales que permiten a las personas realizar múltiples tareas a la vez de manera efectiva, simplemente no existían. En otras palabras, las personas no realizan múltiples tareas simultáneamente de manera eficaz. Y aquí está el hallazgo realmente sorprendente: cuantas más multitareas, hacen, peor son, no solo en otras habilidades mentales, sino en la multitarea misma.
Una cosa que hizo que el estudio fuera diferente de otros es que l@s investigadore/as no probaron las funciones cognitivas de las personas mientras realizaban multitareas. Separaron el grupo de sujetos en multitarea alta y multitarea baja y utilizaron un conjunto diferente de pruebas para medir los tipos de habilidades cognitivas involucradas en la multitarea. Descubrieron que en todos los casos las personas que realizaban varias tareas a la vez tenían peores resultados. Eran peores para distinguir entre información relevante e irrelevante e ignorar esta última. En otras palabras, eran más distraídos. Eran peores en lo que se podría llamar "archivo mental": mantener la información en las cajas conceptuales correctas y poder recuperarla rápidamente. En otras palabras, sus mentes estaban más desorganizadas. Y fueron aún peores en lo que define la multitarea en sí: cambiar de una tarea a otra.
La multitarea, en resumen, no es solo no pensar, sino que afecta a tu capacidad para pensar. Pensar significa concentrarse en una cosa el tiempo suficiente para desarrollar una idea sobre ella. No aprender las ideas de otras personas o memorizar un conjunto de información, por mucho que a veces sean útiles. Desarrollando tus propias ideas. En resumen, pensando por ti mismo. Simplemente no se puede hacer eso en ráfagas de 20 segundos cada la vez, interrumpido constantemente por mensajes de Facebook o tweets de Twitter, o jugando con el iPod o viendo algo en YouTube.
Descubro por mí mismo que mi primer pensamiento nunca es mi mejor pensamiento. Mi primer pensamiento es siempre el de otra persona; siempre es algo que he escuchado sobre el tema, siempre la sabiduría convencional. Solo concentrándome, atendiéndome a la pregunta, siendo paciente, dejando que todas las partes de mi mente entren en juego, llego a una idea original. Al darle a mi cerebro la oportunidad de hacer asociaciones, establecer conexiones, tomarme por sorpresa. Y a menudo incluso esa idea no resulta ser muy buena. También necesito tiempo para pensar en ello, para cometer errores y reconocerlos, para comenzar en falso y corregirlos, para sobrevivir a mis impulsos, para vencer mi deseo de declarar el trabajo hecho y pasar a lo siguiente.
Solía ​​tener alumnos que presumían de lo rápido que escribían sus trabajos. Les decía que el gran novelista alemán Thomas Mann dijo que un escritor es alguien para quien escribir es más difícil que para otras personas. Los mejores escritores escriben mucho más lentamente que los demás, y cuanto mejores son, más lento escriben. James Joyce escribió Ulises, la mejor novela del siglo XX, a razón de unas cien palabras al día (...) durante siete años. T. S. Eliot, uno de los más grandes poetas que ha producido nuestro país, escribió unas 150 páginas de poesía a lo largo de sus 25 años de carrera. Eso es media página al mes. Lo mismo ocurre con cualquier otra forma de pensamiento. Llegas a tu mejor pensamiento reduciendo la velocidad y concentrándote.
Preguntas semilla para la reflexión: ¿Cómo te relacionas con el hallazgo de que la multitarea afecta a nuestra capacidad de pensar? ¿Puedes compartir una historia personal de una vez que fuiste más despacio y te concentraste más en tu trabajo? ¿Qué te ayuda a superar la tentación de realizar multitareas?
How do you relate to the finding that multitasking impairs our ability to think? Can you share a personal story of a time you went slower and concentrated more on your work? What helps you overcome the temptation to multitask?
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If the mind were to be likened to a stream of flowing water, multitasking is like using a spoon to fill up a bucket! It is inefficient and energy depleting. My practice in taijiquanteaches me everyday how important (not to mention tough) it is to move the body slowly. When I say “tough” I mean that we are so used to moving fast that slowing down is an effort but once the body is trained in slow movements, you experience an efficiency in use of muscles. Needless to say, the body becomes stronger. This is my experience with slowing down.
Passion for Quality over Quantity, ensures avoiding temptation to multitask. In fact it helps to deliver tasks in multiple domains and integrating them to enhance their effectivity.
Namaste....
William Deresiewicz should have done a muti-cultural study. I speak for us mothers in India. Over generations we as a race have beenmulti-taskersand every task done to its best.
I can speak for my self...am in the winters of my life and every single day has been multi- tasking. Cognitive abilities were at its optimum. There was focus on each of the tasks...while the attention was on one task it was completely there. Then when it shifted to another , may be in a couple of seconds, attention was there...focus shifted but attention was there. How else could I have catered to the individual taste buds of a large demanding joint family and rushed to school for I was an educator. Also looking into the needs of a growing child. Even now looking back i can say for sure that every task was done with great efficiency. reminiscing, there are no regrets. My memory is fantastic... and am still in the midst of young adults, working with and for them.
This is my experience. I learnt ho... View full comment
Namaste....
William Deresiewicz should have done a muti-cultural study. I speak for us mothers in India. Over generations we as a race have beenmulti-taskersand every task done to its best.
I can speak for my self...am in the winters of my life and every single day has been multi- tasking. Cognitive abilities were at its optimum. There was focus on each of the tasks...while the attention was on one task it was completely there. Then when it shifted to another , may be in a couple of seconds, attention was there...focus shifted but attention was there. How else could I have catered to the individual taste buds of a large demanding joint family and rushed to school for I was an educator. Also looking into the needs of a growing child. Even now looking back i can say for sure that every task was done with great efficiency. reminiscing, there are no regrets. My memory is fantastic... and am still in the midst of young adults, working with and for them.
This is my experience. I learnt how to think...each task taught me just that. Hide full comment
Very enlightening. This corroborates the findings premised in A DeadlyWandering, by Matt Richtel. The research around texting and drivingshowed that no one can attend to both at the same time, hence the dangers of cell phone use while driving. Ithas nothing to do with intelligence per se. Along this vein, Fifty minute segments of my school teaching days were painful. Fourth graderswould groan when pulled away from math or writing in which they were deeply engrossed. I let them go for two hours with the promise we would devote the next two hours to the other subject, whichthey heartily agreed to.School should encourage concentration instead of breaking it all day long. Attending to one thing well, one at a time, is most satisfying for the nervous system.
It is said & it is a fact that women are multitasked at one time.They have to take care of children ,cook the meal,answer the phone call & so on.They have the capacity to move from one task to the other frequentlyTthus,they have the strength to deal with many things.Vinoba Bhave used to wonder about this capacity of women.Yet, they can concentrate on one subject & score the highest in the examinations.It also depends how do you develop your abilities.
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PatrickSep 22, 2020
Ah but we all (women and men) aren't necessarily effective or efficient when we are being pulled in many different directions. Better to do one thing at a time well, then move on the next. Even busy homemakers ("mister moms" too) discover this truth.
Multitasking Is an Oxymoron/Misnomer/Illusion and a Myth. Lord Buddha, 2700 years ago, said that "Mind/Brain Can Only Focus At One Thought/Thing/Place At One Time" meaning Only One Thing, Attentively/Optimistically/Efficiently, Can Be Done Right At One Moment and that is why, He taught what is modern day's Buzzword, MINDFULNESS. This is an empirical/scientific fact proven by numerous experiments. Multitasking Is Exactly Opposite Of Mindfulness.
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Lucrezia
Sep 22, 2020
I don't know if I believe we aren't meant to multi-task. For example, mothers do it all the time. Even in "primitive" tribes, you see a woman with her baby wrapped onto her body, and the baby is either breastfeeding or sleeping while she cooks over a fire and cares for her other children or child. It is great to have the luxury to sit without anything to disruptone's thoughts but even in taking a walk in nature you can walk with only your thoughts but hopefully your also keenly aware of the forest sounds and possible danger, and the awareness of where you are, so you aren't blindly walking where you don't become aware of landmarks to remember so you can safely return. This too is multitasking.
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Bindu VazSep 23, 2020
What you describe when you refer to the walk in the forest is being keenly aware (or dare I say, awakened to) all our senses simultaneously. I wouldn’t call this multitasking. In fact, we have lost our ability to be aware of our various senses simultaneously because of multitasking!
The baby being nursed while the mother does something else is also not a fair example of multitasking because the baby is doing its thing and the mom is doing her thing! ☺ï¸
We don't really multitask. We aren't built to do two or more tasks at once. We're built to do one task well at a time or we can do multiple tasks not well at one time. What we call multitasking is serial multiple unitasking, rapidly moving back and forth from one task to another, not giving either or any of the tasks full time or attention. Writing satisfactorily requires my undivided attention. I often write slowly, thoughtfully, deliberately, wanting to clearly write what I really see and mean. Sometimes I get annoyed with my slowness, and Deresiewicz's essay about slowing down and concentrating is reassuring. When I overcome the temptation to multitask, what helps me is knowing that I don't multitask and knowing that my efforts to do so are inefficient.
Basically I ama mono-tasking person. When someone talks to me I want to be fullypresent to the person. I do not want my mind divided between here and there. I want to be connected and engaged with the other person. Paying full attention to the person is conducive not only for cultivating cognitive function but also for cultivating social and emotional learning, for cultivating effective and positive relationships. As a learner and a teacher, I see the value of of focused attention. Our personal experience and research studies show that multitaskinghas a strong and adverse effect on cultivating cognitive, emotional and social skills. Sadly, smart phones, laptops and video-games have been powerfuldistracting factors in our schools and families.
When I am reading, writing, listening, communicating, eating, walking, driving and meditating I make it sure that I am fully attentive and focused on what I am doing. This is mindfulness practice. When my mind goes astray by an external stimuluso... View full comment
Basically I ama mono-tasking person. When someone talks to me I want to be fullypresent to the person. I do not want my mind divided between here and there. I want to be connected and engaged with the other person. Paying full attention to the person is conducive not only for cultivating cognitive function but also for cultivating social and emotional learning, for cultivating effective and positive relationships. As a learner and a teacher, I see the value of of focused attention. Our personal experience and research studies show that multitaskinghas a strong and adverse effect on cultivating cognitive, emotional and social skills. Sadly, smart phones, laptops and video-games have been powerfuldistracting factors in our schools and families.
When I am reading, writing, listening, communicating, eating, walking, driving and meditating I make it sure that I am fully attentive and focused on what I am doing. This is mindfulness practice. When my mind goes astray by an external stimulusor internal stimulus, I become aware of it and do not get trapped by it. Practicing mindfulness helps me to be free from my temptation to to be engaged in more than one task. It frees me from multitasking. When we eat we pray together. Praying together creates sacred and peaceful environment. We put our smart phones and laptops beyond our sight. When we study or communicate we follow the same helpful rule.
Namaste!
Jagdish P Dave'
What a blessing you are to those you are in the presence of! The best gift we can give another is our full attention, understanding and love. Amen
TB
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