Error Of Perception

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Hand-drawn art by Rupali Bhuva
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Error de percepción

--por Ramana Maharshi

P: ¿Son reales los nombres y las formas?

Ramana Maharshi: No los encontrarás separados [de la realidad]. Cuando trates de llegar al nombre y la forma, solo encontrarás la realidad. Por lo tanto, obtén el conocimiento de lo que es real en los tres estados [vigilia, sueño y sueño].

P: ¿Es un hecho que los sueños surgen debido a las impresiones recibidas durante el estado de vigilia?

RM: No, no es cierto. En el sueño, ves muchas cosas nuevas y muchas personas que nunca antes habías visto en estado de vigilia. Incluso puedes ver un segundo sueño dentro del sueño. Después de despertar del segundo sueño, puedes sentir que te has despertado, pero ese es el estado de vigilia del primer sueño. De la misma manera, el hombre se despierta a diario, pero no a un estado de vigilia real.

P: ¿Por qué vemos el mundo como algo real?

RM: Vemos mucho en una pantalla de cine, pero no es real. Nada es real allí excepto la pantalla. De la misma manera, en el estado de vigilia, no hay nada más que la [realidad]. El conocimiento del estado de vigilia es el conocimiento del conocedor del estado de vigilia. Ambos desaparecen en el sueño.

P: ¿Por qué vemos tal permanencia y constancia en el estado de vigilia?

RM: Se ve a causa de ideas equivocadas. Cuando alguien dice que se bañó dos veces en el mismo río, se equivoca porque cuando se bañó por segunda vez, el río no era el mismo que cuando se bañó por primera vez. Alguien puede decir que está viendo la misma fruta todos los días, pero en realidad se están produciendo muchos cambios en la fruta. Al ver el brillo de una llama, un hombre dice que ve la misma llama, pero la llama cambia cada segundo. A medida que el aceite se vuelve cada vez menos, la llama sigue cambiando. El estado de vigilia también es así. La apariencia estacionaria es un error de percepción.

P: ¿De quién es el error?

RM: El conocedor.

Int: ¿De dónde vino el conocedor?

RM: Debido al error de percepción. De hecho, el conocedor y su falso conocimiento aparecen simultáneamente, y cuando se obtiene el conocimiento del Sí mismo, desaparecen simultáneamente.
Int: ¿De dónde vienen el conocedor y su ignorancia?

RM: ¿Quién está haciendo esta pregunta?

P: yo

RM: Descubre ese 'yo' y todas tus dudas serán resueltas. Así como en un sueño surgen un falso conocedor, el conocimiento y lo conocido, en el estado de vigilia opera el mismo proceso. En ambos estados, al conocer este “yo” lo sabes todo y nada queda por saber. Si, en el estado de vigilia, hay [investigación] sobre el 'yo', todo puede ser entendido y nada más quedará por saberse. En el sueño profundo, el conocedor, el conocimiento y lo conocido están ausentes. En el momento de experimentar el verdadero 'yo', ellos tampoco existirán. Cualquier cosa que veas que sucede en el estado de vigilia le sucede solo al conocedor, y dado que el conocedor es irreal, nunca sucede nada.

P: Después de despertar del sueño, ¿por qué el mundo del día anterior parece el mismo?

RM: El mundo visto el día anterior no era real. Era el conocimiento de un conocedor irreal. De la misma manera, el mundo del día siguiente es también el conocimiento de un conocedor irreal. Para el [ignorante] el mundo se experimenta como ayer y como hoy. Pero para los [despiertos] el mundo no está allí en ningún momento, pasado, presente o futuro.

Preguntas semilla para la reflexión: ¿Cómo te relacionas con la noción de que el conocedor y el falso conocimiento aparecen y desaparecen en función de nuestra capacidad para distinguir entre lo irreal y lo real? ¿Puedes compartir una historia personal de una época en la que pudiste distinguir entre irreal y real? ¿Qué te ayuda a pasar de lo irreal a lo real en tu indagación sobre el 'yo'?
Seed Questions for Reflection

How do you relate to the notion that the knower and false knowledge appear and disappear based on our ability to distinguish between what is unreal and real? Can you share a personal story of a time you could distinguish between unreal and real? What helps you go from the unreal to the real in your inquiry into 'I'?

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15 Past Reflections
PS
Jul 21, 2022
After the rich discussion on this passage at last night’s Circle, I came across this intriguing Ted Talk about a different perspective on the subject.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYp5XuGYqqY&t=38s
DD
Jul 20, 2022
My view is that there is an I that is ground and independent and eternal. Out of I is a me that developed and got molded by the environment, and this me is a knower of what I see (mostly taught to see) which is false knowledge. Sometimes I sees around or over that molded me and sees what is real, that is, sees not what me is supposed to see and expected to see, but sees what really is. When I see what is real, the knower me and the false knowledge disappear. For a long time I didn't know there was real and didn't know how to distinguish between unreal and real. At some time years ago I began to see real, though I mostly I ignored it and kept what I saw to myself. Eventually I saw real more often. What helps me go from the unreal to the real is my inquiry into I, knowing I is is different than me, being open to I, giving attention to I, valuing and trusting I, knowing there is real.
DD
David Doane Jul 20, 2022
I forgot that I had responded earlier, and I posted this second reflection.
SR
Somik Raha Jul 21, 2022
David, this is beautiful! Thank you for posting a second time.
ME
me Jul 23, 2022
Amen and Amen.
HS
Jul 19, 2022
"Real," "reality" and the "not real," or "false" are expressions of dualism and a dualistic perspective and interpretation! I invite us to consider that everything is indeed Real as, and because, it IS and is experienced. When it is not, it "is not"; that is still Real! The Reality of something is not dependent upon our "5 senses," for there are countless additional realms of senses and consciousness to be considered and included. The Reality of something must necessarily include it's context, environment, and all of the conditions of it's experienced presence, also including the reality of the perceiver and their interpretation. The contextualizing phenomena are equally as Real, although, perhaps in another dimension. When everything is considered to be real, no thing, and no person, and no attribute gets left out, denied, or discriminated against; everything must be accepted, recognized, accounted for and appreciated for it's role in it's place of relationship. In this mann... View full comment
CJ
Jul 19, 2022
This past year I have been immersed in an online Buddhist course that has exposed me to the ideas in this piece. We were given various practices to help us experience for ourselves the truth of the teachings. A few weeks ago I was practicing with remembering the details of a recent dream. During my analysis, I had the sudden insight that I'd had similar, general experiences in my waking life! I used another dream that I remembered and realized that it, too, had similarities to my waking life. In this piece, the following words had a deep resonance for me: "Just as in a dream, a false knower, knowledge and known rise up, in the waking state the same process operates. " I meditate each day, alternating between analysis and resting, with the questions posed in this piece. I will review this one periodically. Thank you.
ME
me Jul 24, 2022
Please do. Amen.
ST
Jul 19, 2022
Right now this exploration is helpful since the I that i identify with is experiencing some turmoil related to 2 friends who are relating to me, this body that has made some choices that they are not entirely pleased with lately . My outward behavior, things I said or did were contrary to what they believed they needed or fit for their ease. My little i knows I did or said the best I could with a loving , compassionate heart , yet i did not please them, these friends. i made choices that felt right in those moments. There may have been unconscious shadow beliefs during me that I had not delved into.
At this moment I am aware that any turmoil that I experiencing is certainly not real. It is a choice of emotions that this surface me is choosing. Not my soul essence which I know is safe, and well, and loved in a way that is different and more real than this body that was experiencing some turmoil,
AN
Jul 19, 2022
Getting solutions to issues of 'Real (wakeful)' world, in 'Unreal (post meditation shavaasan)' state. !!
SU
Jul 19, 2022
Impermanence is the only permanance. So also uncertainty is the only certainty. The knowledge of this reality opens the door to understand " who am I".
DD
Jul 16, 2022
As I see life, there is the unreal or maya which is appearance, and there is ultimate reality which is real. The knower and false knowledge appear when unreal is figure, and disappear when ultimate reality is figure. Ultimate reality is one and true, so when ultimate reality is figure, both knower and false knowledge disappear. I've come to believe that real is ultimate reality, the ground of reality, the source and essence, and unreal is how ultimate reality appears to our senses. To a great degree we live in the unreality of the senses but are not of that unreality. We are of real ultimate reality. When I abide in awareness of that, the awareness helps me go from the unreal to the real.
JP
Jul 15, 2022
Reading this passage reminds me of the chant I do before I do my daily medition : "OM asato ma sadgamaya, tamso ma jyotir gamaya, mrityor ma amritam gamaya. OM shantihi, shantihi, shantihi. Om! Lead me from the unreal to the Real, from darkness to Light, from death to Immortality. OM.Shantihi, Shnatihi, Shantihi. Peace. Peace, Peace. We are looking for eternal peace. It is my understanding that real peace comes from inside, not from outside. It comes from silence when all the external and internal noises fade away. Peace is already and forever dwells in Silence. I hear the voice of Peace when my mind is silent. In the silence I hear the sound of Peace within me, without me, without then, without there but in the Presence, Here, and Now. It is like the clear sky with no clouds. It is in the present moment. When I meditate, when my mind is not enaged in the past and the future, but in the now and here consciousness I abide in the flow of full and clear consciousness, and that is I. ... View full comment
AN
Ann Jul 21, 2022
Thank you